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Parson Russell Terrier

Also called Parson Jack Russell Terrier

Recognised breedFCI group 3Short profile

From England (Devon), from the working terriers of Reverend John Russell.123

At a glance the quick version

Weight5.9 to 7.7 kg43
Height, male35.6 to 36 cm14
Height, female33 cm14
Lifespan12 to 13.8 years23
Sizesmall

AKC: usually 13-17 lb in working condition; FCI sets no weight.

confident and happy
bold and clever
affectionate and playful at home
145

Coat and looks how to spot one

smooth, broken or rough

A dense, harsh, weatherproof double coat that comes in smooth, broken or rough forms. The body is balanced and square with longish legs, and the chest is small enough to be spanned by an average pair of hands.14

Colourswhitewhite with tanwhite with lemonwhite with blacktricolour14

Personality what they are like

A cheerful, gutsy little terrier with plenty of energy and brains. Out working it is keen and determined; at home it turns into a playful, fun-loving and very affectionate companion.145

Daily activity how busy a day looks

High for its size. It is fast and tireless and thrives on vigorous daily exercise and activities such as agility and flyball.352

Grooming and care the hands-on bits

About once a week: a brush through the coat keeps it tidy; broken and rough coats may also need occasional hand-stripping.2

Home where they are happiest

Adapts to many homes as long as it gets enough activity and mental work.23

Company who they like around

Friendly and bold; it can live with children and other pets when handled kindly and not roughly.13

The story where it all began

In 1819 the Devon clergyman John Russell bought a small white terrier bitch named Trump, who became the root of his strain of working fox terriers. His dogs were long-legged enough to keep up with hounds yet small enough to go to ground. The Kennel Club recognised the breed in 1990, and the Parson Russell name became standard internationally by the 2000s.231

Fun facts for the dinner table

  1. 1

    The whole breed traces back to one terrier, Trump, bought by Reverend John Russell in 1819.2

  2. 2

    A true Parson should have a chest small enough for an average pair of hands to span behind the shoulders.1

  3. 3

    It was bred to be quick enough to run with horses and hounds and then go underground after a fox.5

  4. 4

    The Parson is taller and more uniform in size than its close relative, the Jack Russell Terrier.3

Where the name comes from the story behind it

The breed is named after the Reverend John Russell, a Victorian hunting parson, who bred a strain of fox terriers that eventually led to the creation of this breed.3

Name ideas for your new friend

PippinZippyDaisyRascalScoutTrixieBiscuitJasperPebblesCheddarWhiskersBuster

A day in the life told by a Parson Russell Terrier

This morning I bounced out of bed and did three victory laps around the kitchen before breakfast. My human laughed and called me a whirlwind. After a quick cuddle, we headed to the park, my favorite place! I chased a tennis ball until my legs felt like springs, then zoomed through the agility tunnel like a rocket. On the way home, I spotted a squirrel and gave a cheerful bark, just saying hello! Back inside, I curled up on the sofa, tail wagging, dreaming of tomorrow's adventures.

A made-up story, just for fun. Not advice of any kind.

Recognised by the official bits

FCI
Standard no. 339, Group 3 (Terriers), Section 1 Large and medium sized Terriers; standard dated 22.08.2017.1
The Royal Kennel Club
Terrier group; recognised in 1990 as the Parson Jack Russell Terrier, name shortened in 1999.2
AKC
Terrier Group; recognised as the Jack Russell Terrier from 1 November 1997 and renamed Parson Russell Terrier on 1 April 2003. Current standard approved 13 July 2004.4

The care rhythm a typical week and year

A typical home-care rhythm for a Parson Russell Terrier. A starting point, not a vet's advice.

Treats they will love homemade and simple

Parson Russell Terrier tip

Parson Russell Terriers do best with treats that are low in starch and high in quality protein, such as single-protein air-dried options. Because dental disease is common in this small, energetic breed, incorporate dental chews or air-dried treats into their daily routine to help reduce plaque build-up, and always brush their teeth daily.

Source: petmd.com

Simple Carrot Crunchies

Carrots are low in calories and high in fibre, making them a crunchy, satisfying treat that won't pile on the pounds.

You need

  • 1 large carrot, washed and peeled

How

  1. Cut the carrot into thin, bite-sized sticks or rounds.
  2. Steam or boil the carrot pieces for 5–7 minutes until just tender, or serve raw for extra crunch.
  3. Allow to cool completely before offering to your dog.

How much: Give 2–3 small pieces per day for a medium-sized dog, adjusting for your dog's size and daily calorie allowance.

Recipe from The Kennel Club

Pumpkin & Yoghurt Pup-Cup

Pumpkin is packed with fibre and vitamins, helping dogs feel full without extra calories, and low-fat yoghurt keeps it light.

You need

  • 1 cooking pumpkin
  • ½ cup lactose-free, low-fat yoghurt
  • ½ cup lactose-free, low-fat whipping cream
  • Cinnamon, to sprinkle

How

  1. Peel the pumpkin and remove all seeds.
  2. Cut the flesh into small pieces and steam for 15 minutes until soft.
  3. Mash the cooked pumpkin until smooth and let it cool completely.
  4. Mix 1 tablespoon of the mashed pumpkin with the yoghurt.
  5. Spoon the mixture into a small paper cup.
  6. Whip the cream until soft peaks form and spoon it on top of the yoghurt mixture.
  7. Sprinkle a tiny pinch of cinnamon over the cream.

How much: One pup-cup is plenty for a medium-sized dog as an occasional treat. Adjust portion size for smaller or larger dogs.

Recipe from Dogs Trust

Blueberry Oat Biscuits

These simple, three-ingredient biscuits are full of fibre and antioxidants from blueberries, and are easy to make in small sizes for toy and small dogs.

You need

  • 100g oats
  • 1 banana (mashed)
  • 40g fresh blueberries (chopped)
  • a little water (as needed)

How

  1. Preheat your oven to 175°C.
  2. Mix the mashed banana, oats and chopped blueberries together in a bowl.
  3. Add splashes of water a little at a time, stirring until the mixture comes together in one large ball.
  4. Roll the mixture out on a lightly floured surface to about 1–2 cm thick.
  5. Use a small cookie cutter or a knife to cut out shapes suitable for a small dog.
  6. Place the shapes on a lined baking tray and bake for 15–20 minutes until slightly browned.
  7. Leave to cool completely before serving.

How much: Give one small biscuit per day for a toy or small dog, and reduce their main meal accordingly.

Recipe from Dogs Trust

Not veterinary advice. Check with your vet first if your pet has allergies, a health condition, is on a special diet or is pregnant. Treats should stay a small part of the daily food. Cut to a safe size and supervise. Terms of use

Owner questions the things everyone asks

How often should I feed my Parson Russell Terrier, and at what times?

Feed your adult Parson Russell Terrier at least two meals a day at consistent times. Puppies need three to four smaller meals. Follow the food label and your vet for the right amounts.6

What should a Parson Russell Terrier eat, and which foods are dangerous?

Offer a high-quality dog food suited to your dog's age and activity level. Avoid dangerous foods like chocolate, grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, and xylitol, as they can be harmful. Always check with your vet for specific dietary advice.7

How often should I bathe a Parson Russell Terrier?

Furry Diary's starting plan suggests bathing every eight weeks, while general guidance recommends at least every three months. Bathe more often if your dog gets very dirty or has skin issues. Use a gentle dog shampoo.8 Pet Wiki plan

How often does a Parson Russell Terrier need brushing?

Brush your Parson Russell Terrier about once a week to keep its coat tidy. This helps remove loose hair and keeps the coat healthy.2 Pet Wiki plan

How do I trim a Parson Russell Terrier's nails, and how often?

Trim nails every three weeks or sooner if you hear clicking on the floor. Cut a little at a time, stopping before the quick to avoid pain. If you're unsure, ask your vet or a professional groomer.8 Pet Wiki plan

How much exercise does a Parson Russell Terrier need?

This energetic terrier needs vigorous daily exercise, like long walks, play sessions, and activities such as agility or flyball. It is fast and tireless, so keep it active and mentally stimulated.352 Pet Wiki plan

How do I look after a Parson Russell Terrier's teeth and ears?

Brush your dog's teeth daily if possible, or at least two to three times a week, using dog toothpaste. Check ears every two weeks for dirt or redness, and clean gently with a vet-recommended solution. Never insert anything into the ear canal.8 Pet Wiki plan

How long does a Parson Russell Terrier live?

A Parson Russell Terrier typically lives 12 to 14 years with good care and regular vet checkups. Enjoy many happy years together.23

Is a Parson Russell Terrier good with children and other pets?

Yes, this friendly and bold terrier can live happily with children and other pets when handled kindly and not roughly. Always supervise interactions to ensure everyone gets along.13

Can a Parson Russell Terrier be left alone?

This energetic dog may struggle if left alone for long periods, as it thrives on activity and companionship. It varies by individual; consult a good breeder or vet for advice on your specific situation.

Written from the sources on this page, a few checked guides (VCA, ASPCA, RSPCA) and Pet Wiki's own starting care plan. A friendly guide, not a vet's advice.

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Where this comes from

Every fact on this page has a numbered source. Spotted an error? support@petwiki.app.

  1. FCI Standard N° 339 Parson Russell Terrier fci.beused for recognition, height, coat, colours, temperament
  2. Parson Russell Terrier - The Royal Kennel Club royalkennelclub.comused for recognition, exercise, grooming, lifespan, history
  3. Parson Russell Terrier - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.orgused for history dates, lifespan, similar breeds
  4. AKC Official Standard of the Parson Russell Terrier images.akc.orgused for height, weight, coat, colour, temperament
  5. Parson Russell Terrier - AKC akc.orgused for temperament, fun facts
  6. VCA Animal Hospitals: Feeding times and frequency for your dog vcahospitals.comused for owner questions
  7. ASPCA: People foods to avoid feeding your pets aspca.orgused for owner questions
  8. ASPCA: Dog grooming tips aspca.orgused for owner questions

Checked 2026-09-30. Text is written in our own words from these sources.