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Griffon Bruxellois

Also called Brussels Griffon, Griffon Belge (black variety), Petit Brabançon (smooth variety)

Self-assured and bright, with a proud, slightly comic air.

SizeToy
Weight3.5 to 6 kg (8 to 13 lb)123
Height23 to 28 cm (9 to 11 in)2
Lifespanfrom 12 years42
CoatRough (wiry, with undercoat) or smooth
OriginBelgium (Brussels).14
GroupFCI group 9
Recognised breedShort profile
alert and watchful
devoted to its owner
big personality in a small body
134

Personality what they are like

Self-assured and bright, with a proud, slightly comic air. It attaches strongly to its person, keeps a close eye on its surroundings, and should be neither shy nor snappy.134

Coat and looks how to spot one

rough (wiry, with undercoat) or smooth

A small, square, sturdy dog with a big round head, short nose and a strikingly human-looking face. The Bruxellois proper wears a harsh, bearded coat; the smooth-coated form has short hair of up to about 2 cm.14

Coloursred or reddish (FCI Griffon Bruxellois)blackblack and tan14

The care rhythm a typical week and year

A typical home-care rhythm for a Griffon Bruxellois. A starting point, not a vet's advice.

  • Brushingevery week
  • Bathevery 8 weeks
  • Hand strippingHand stripping keeps the harsh texture; clipping also worksevery 12 weeks
  • Nail trimSooner if you hear clicking on the floorevery 3 weeks
  • Ear checkFloppy ears trap moisture, so check and dry themevery week
  • Teeth brushingDaily brushing is idealevery day
  • ExerciseDaily walks and playevery day
  • Flea, tick and worm protectionSchedule as your vet recommendsas your vet recommends
  • Vet check-upSenior years usually start around age 10every year

Daily activity how busy a day looks

Modest: around half an hour of exercise a day suits it, plus play and company.4

Grooming and care the hands-on bits

Grooming more than once a week. The rough coat is usually hand-stripped to keep its texture; the smooth coat just needs a brush.4

Home where they are happiest

Its small size makes it easy to keep in a flat or house, as long as it is with its people.4

Company who they like around

A people-focused companion that likes to be close to its owner and does best when not left alone for long.13

The story where it all began

It grew out of the Smousje, a scruffy little dog kept in Brussels stables to catch rats. In the 1800s breeders added Pug and toy spaniel blood, which gave the flat face and the smooth coat. Queen Marie Henriette's fondness for the breed made it fashionable, and British breeders helped it survive after the Second World War.124

Fun facts for the dinner table

  1. 1

    Dogs of this type appear in Flemish paintings as far back as the 15th century.4

  2. 2

    The first Griffons were entered in the Belgian studbook in 1883.1

  3. 3

    The Griffon's face is said to have helped inspire the look of the Ewoks in Star Wars.2

  4. 4

    A Brussels Griffon co-starred in the 1997 film As Good as It Gets, which boosted its popularity in the US.2

  5. 5

    Queen Marie Henriette of Belgium championed the breed in the late 1800s.2

Name ideas for your new friend

PipGizmoBiscuitPebblesWafflesTotoMuffinRemyPuckSmidgeNuggetZiggy

A day in the life told by a Griffon Bruxellois

I wake up on my human's lap, which is my favorite place. I give a little chirp to say good morning, and she smiles. We have a quiet breakfast, well, I watch her eat, but I get a scratch behind the ears. Then we go for a short walk around the block. I inspect every lamppost and greet my doggy friends with a proud little bow. Back home, I sit by the window and keep an eye on the street. When my human returns from the kitchen, I hop up and do my happy dance. We cuddle on the couch, and I feel like the king of the castle.

A made-up story, just for fun. Not advice of any kind.

Recognised by the official bits

FCI
Standard no. 80, Group 9 Companion and Toy Dogs, Section 3 Small Belgian Dogs. FCI lists the Griffon Belge (81) and Petit Brabançon (82) as separate breeds.1
The Royal Kennel Club
Toy group; one breed with rough and smooth coats in red, black, and black and tan.4
AKC
Recognised as the Brussels Griffon.3
UKC
Recognised.2

Treats they will love homemade and simple

Griffon Bruxellois tip

Because of their flat face and crowded teeth, choose small, irregular kibble and VOHC-approved dental chews sized for toy dogs, counting every treat toward their daily calories to avoid weight gain. Their sensitive tummies often do best with a novel or hydrolysed protein diet, so ask your vet before introducing new treats.

Source: petmd.com purina.com

Simple Carrot Crunchies

Carrots are low in calories and high in fibre, making them a crunchy, satisfying treat that won't pile on the pounds.

You need

  • 1 large carrot, washed and peeled

How

  1. Cut the carrot into thin, bite-sized sticks or rounds.
  2. Steam or boil the carrot pieces for 5–7 minutes until just tender, or serve raw for extra crunch.
  3. Allow to cool completely before offering to your dog.

How much: Give 2–3 small pieces per day for a medium-sized dog, adjusting for your dog's size and daily calorie allowance.

Recipe from The Kennel Club

Pumpkin & Yoghurt Pup-Cup

Pumpkin is packed with fibre and vitamins, helping dogs feel full without extra calories, and low-fat yoghurt keeps it light.

You need

  • 1 cooking pumpkin
  • ½ cup lactose-free, low-fat yoghurt
  • ½ cup lactose-free, low-fat whipping cream
  • Cinnamon, to sprinkle

How

  1. Peel the pumpkin and remove all seeds.
  2. Cut the flesh into small pieces and steam for 15 minutes until soft.
  3. Mash the cooked pumpkin until smooth and let it cool completely.
  4. Mix 1 tablespoon of the mashed pumpkin with the yoghurt.
  5. Spoon the mixture into a small paper cup.
  6. Whip the cream until soft peaks form and spoon it on top of the yoghurt mixture.
  7. Sprinkle a tiny pinch of cinnamon over the cream.

How much: One pup-cup is plenty for a medium-sized dog as an occasional treat. Adjust portion size for smaller or larger dogs.

Recipe from Dogs Trust

Homemade Dog Biscuits (Chicken & Rice)

A simple, tasty treat made from gentle ingredients that are easy on sensitive stomachs, perfect for rewarding without upset.

You need

  • 1 egg
  • 170g boiled chicken breast
  • 100g cooked plain rice
  • 60ml chicken stock (homemade or no added salt)
  • 680g plain flour (adjust as needed for consistency)

How

  1. Preheat oven to 180°C and line a baking tray with baking paper.
  2. Blitz the boiled chicken, cooked rice, and chicken stock in a blender until smooth.
  3. Transfer to a bowl, add the egg and flour, and mix well.
  4. Dust a clean surface with flour, turn out the dough, and knead until no longer sticky.
  5. Roll dough to about 1cm thickness and cut into shapes with a cookie cutter.
  6. Place on the tray and bake for 25–30 minutes until golden.
  7. Cool completely before serving.

How much: 1–2 biscuits as an occasional treat for a medium-sized healthy dog. Adjust for your dog's size, age, and activity level.

Recipe from Blue Cross

Not veterinary advice. Check with your vet first if your pet has allergies, a health condition, is on a special diet or is pregnant. Treats should stay a small part of the daily food. Cut to a safe size and supervise. Terms of use

Owner questions the things everyone asks

How often should I feed my Griffon Bruxellois, and at what times?

Feed your Griffon Bruxellois at least two meals a day for an adult, and three to four smaller meals for a puppy. The exact times can be set to suit your routine, but aim for consistent meal times. For amounts, check the food label and ask your vet.5

What should a Griffon Bruxellois eat, and which foods are dangerous?

Feed a high-quality dog food appropriate for its age and size. Dangerous foods include chocolate, grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, xylitol, and macadamia nuts. Always avoid these and consult your vet for a complete list.6

How often should I bathe a Griffon Bruxellois?

Pet Wiki's starting plan suggests a bath every eight weeks, but you can bathe more often if your dog gets dirty or has skin issues. At least once every three months is a good general rule.7 Pet Wiki plan

How often does a Griffon Bruxellois need brushing?

Brush your Griffon Bruxellois more than once a week. For the rough coat, hand-stripping every 12 weeks helps keep its texture; the smooth coat just needs regular brushing. Pet Wiki's plan recommends weekly brushing.4 Pet Wiki plan

How do I trim a Griffon Bruxellois's nails, and how often?

Trim nails every three weeks, or sooner if you hear them clicking on the floor. Cut a little at a time, stopping before the quick (the pink part). If unsure, ask your vet or a groomer for guidance.7 Pet Wiki plan

How much exercise does a Griffon Bruxellois need?

This breed needs modest exercise, about half an hour a day, plus play and company. Daily walks and playtime are perfect. Its small size makes it easy to keep in a flat or house.4 Pet Wiki plan

How do I look after a Griffon Bruxellois's teeth and ears?

Brush teeth daily with dog toothpaste (never human toothpaste) and check ears weekly for moisture or dirt. For floppy ears, dry them gently. Never push anything into the ear canal. Pet Wiki's plan suggests daily brushing and weekly ear checks.7 Pet Wiki plan

How long does a Griffon Bruxellois live?

The Griffon Bruxellois typically lives 12 years or more. Senior years usually start around age 10, so regular vet check-ups become even more important then.42 Pet Wiki plan

Is a Griffon Bruxellois good with children and other pets?

This breed is self-assured and bright, attaching strongly to its person. It can be good with children and other pets if properly socialized, but it should be neither shy nor snappy. Always supervise interactions.134

Can a Griffon Bruxellois be left alone?

This is a people-focused companion that likes to be close to its owner and does best when not left alone for long. If you must leave it, provide company or enrichment, but it's happiest with you.13

Written from the sources on this page, a few checked guides (VCA, ASPCA, RSPCA) and Pet Wiki's own starting care plan. A friendly guide, not a vet's advice.

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Where this comes from

Every fact on this page has a numbered source. Spotted an error? support@petwiki.app.

  1. FCI standard no. 80 Griffon Bruxellois fci.beused for origin, recognition, weight, coat, colour, temperament, history
  2. Griffon Bruxellois (Wikipedia) en.wikipedia.orgused for height, weight, lifespan, history, facts
  3. AKC: Brussels Griffon akc.orgused for weight, temperament
  4. The Royal Kennel Club: Griffon Bruxellois royalkennelclub.comused for group, exercise, grooming, lifespan, colours, history
  5. VCA Animal Hospitals: Feeding times and frequency for your dog vcahospitals.comused for owner questions
  6. ASPCA: People foods to avoid feeding your pets aspca.orgused for owner questions
  7. ASPCA: Dog grooming tips aspca.orgused for owner questions

Checked 2026-09-30. Text is written in our own words from these sources.