Pet Wiki

American Water Spaniel

Also called American Brown Spaniel, American Brown Water Spaniel, AWS

A happy, lively and charming dog that often attaches strongly to one person.

SizeMedium
Weight11.3 to 20.4 kg (25 to 45 lb)males 12.7 to 20.4 kg, females 11.3 to 18.1 kg123
Height38 to 46 cm (15 to 18 in)12
Lifespan10 to 13 years23
CoatCurly or wavy double coat
OriginUnited States (Wolf and Fox River valleys, Wisconsin), 19th century.21
GroupFCI group 8
Recognised breedShort profile
keen swimmer and retriever
eager to please and trainable
cheerful family companion
143

Personality what they are like

A happy, lively and charming dog that often attaches strongly to one person. It can be reserved with strangers and a little independent-minded, so varied, upbeat training works best.423

Coat and looks how to spot one

curly or wavy double coat

Tight curls or a marcel-style wave over a dense undercoat keep this compact spaniel protected in cold water and rough cover.12

Colourssolid liverbrowndark chocolatesmall white marks on toes or chest allowed12

The care rhythm a typical week and year

A typical home-care rhythm for an American Water Spaniel. A starting point, not a vet's advice.

  • Brushingevery 2 days
  • Bathevery month
  • HaircutTrim feathering and feet, or keep a short cutevery 8 weeks
  • Nail trimSooner if you hear clicking on the floorevery month
  • Ear checkFloppy ears trap moisture, so check and dry themevery week
  • Teeth brushingDaily brushing is idealevery 2 days
  • Eye wipeGently wipe around the eyesevery day
  • ExerciseDaily walks and playevery day
  • Flea, tick and worm protectionSchedule as your vet recommendsas your vet recommends
  • Vet check-upSenior years usually start around age 8every year

Daily activity how busy a day looks

High energy: at least 20-40 minutes of exercise daily, and it loves swimming and retrieving.34

Grooming and care the hands-on bits

Brush about twice a week; the coat sheds lightly and can feel slightly oily.3

Home where they are happiest

Can live in a flat if well exercised, but a fenced yard or lead is advised as it may wander after scents.23

Company who they like around

Enjoys being the centre of attention and generally mixes well with children and other animals.23

The story where it all began

Hunters in Wisconsin's river country developed this small curly retriever in the 1800s to work from boats and marshes. Dr Fred J. Pfeifer of New London set up Wolf River Kennels and campaigned to have the breed registered, and UKC accepted it in 1920.21

Fun facts for the dinner table

  1. 1

    It has been Wisconsin's official state dog since 1985.2

  2. 2

    The first UKC-registered American Water Spaniel was a dog called Curly Pfeifer, in 1920.1

  3. 3

    Fewer than 300 were registered with the AKC in 1990.3

  4. 4

    It can be quite vocal and likes to be the star of the household.2

Where the name comes from the story behind it

The breed was originally known as the 'American Brown Water Spaniel' and was developed in the United States as an all-around hunting dog, bred to retrieve from skiffs or canoes and work ground with relative ease.5

Name ideas for your new friend

FinnRippleSplashWillowRiverBuddyMapleBiscuitDeweyNoriCedarPebble

A day in the life told by an American Water Spaniel

This morning, I trotted to the lake with my person. The water sparkled like diamonds, and I dove right in, paddling after a stick. After a good swim, I shook off a rainbow of droplets and we walked through the woods, where I sniffed every leaf and stone. Back home, I curled up on the porch, my coat drying in the sun, watching birds flit by. Later, my person gave me a gentle brush, and I wagged my tail, happy and content. Another perfect day.

A made-up story, just for fun. Not advice of any kind.

Recognised by the official bits

UKC
Recognised 1920; first registration 8 February 1920 (a dog named Curly Pfeifer). Gun Dog Group.1
AKC
Recognised in 1940.2
FCI
Standard no. 301, Group 8, Section 3 water dogs; accepted on a definitive basis in 1979.6

Popularity Ranked 143rd most popular breed in the US (AKC, 2010)2

How many About 3,000 dogs (1998)2

Treats they will love homemade and simple

American Water Spaniel tip

For a medium-sized, active dog like the American Water Spaniel, choose low-calorie treats and keep them to no more than 10% of daily calories to avoid weight gain. Since this breed can be prone to food sensitivities and pancreatitis, opt for simple, limited-ingredient treats and check with your vet if you notice any digestive upset.

Source: akc.org petmd.com

Simple Carrot Crunchies

Carrots are low in calories and high in fibre, making them a crunchy, satisfying treat that won't pile on the pounds.

You need

  • 1 large carrot, washed and peeled

How

  1. Cut the carrot into thin, bite-sized sticks or rounds.
  2. Steam or boil the carrot pieces for 5–7 minutes until just tender, or serve raw for extra crunch.
  3. Allow to cool completely before offering to your dog.

How much: Give 2–3 small pieces per day for a medium-sized dog, adjusting for your dog's size and daily calorie allowance.

Recipe from The Kennel Club

Pumpkin & Yoghurt Pup-Cup

Pumpkin is packed with fibre and vitamins, helping dogs feel full without extra calories, and low-fat yoghurt keeps it light.

You need

  • 1 cooking pumpkin
  • ½ cup lactose-free, low-fat yoghurt
  • ½ cup lactose-free, low-fat whipping cream
  • Cinnamon, to sprinkle

How

  1. Peel the pumpkin and remove all seeds.
  2. Cut the flesh into small pieces and steam for 15 minutes until soft.
  3. Mash the cooked pumpkin until smooth and let it cool completely.
  4. Mix 1 tablespoon of the mashed pumpkin with the yoghurt.
  5. Spoon the mixture into a small paper cup.
  6. Whip the cream until soft peaks form and spoon it on top of the yoghurt mixture.
  7. Sprinkle a tiny pinch of cinnamon over the cream.

How much: One pup-cup is plenty for a medium-sized dog as an occasional treat. Adjust portion size for smaller or larger dogs.

Recipe from Dogs Trust

Homemade Dog Biscuits (Chicken & Rice)

A simple, tasty treat made from gentle ingredients that are easy on sensitive stomachs, perfect for rewarding without upset.

You need

  • 1 egg
  • 170g boiled chicken breast
  • 100g cooked plain rice
  • 60ml chicken stock (homemade or no added salt)
  • 680g plain flour (adjust as needed for consistency)

How

  1. Preheat oven to 180°C and line a baking tray with baking paper.
  2. Blitz the boiled chicken, cooked rice, and chicken stock in a blender until smooth.
  3. Transfer to a bowl, add the egg and flour, and mix well.
  4. Dust a clean surface with flour, turn out the dough, and knead until no longer sticky.
  5. Roll dough to about 1cm thickness and cut into shapes with a cookie cutter.
  6. Place on the tray and bake for 25–30 minutes until golden.
  7. Cool completely before serving.

How much: 1–2 biscuits as an occasional treat for a medium-sized healthy dog. Adjust for your dog's size, age, and activity level.

Recipe from Blue Cross

Not veterinary advice. Check with your vet first if your pet has allergies, a health condition, is on a special diet or is pregnant. Treats should stay a small part of the daily food. Cut to a safe size and supervise. Terms of use

Owner questions the things everyone asks

How often should I feed my American Water Spaniel, and at what times?

Feed your adult American Water Spaniel at least two meals a day, at consistent times. Puppies need three to four smaller meals. Follow the food label for amounts and check with your vet for your dog's specific needs.7

What should an American Water Spaniel eat, and which foods are dangerous?

Feed a high-quality dog food appropriate for your dog's age and activity level. Dangerous foods include chocolate, grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, xylitol, and macadamia nuts. Always avoid these and consult your vet for a complete list.8

How often should I bathe an American Water Spaniel?

Pet Wiki's starting plan suggests a bath about every four weeks. The ASPCA recommends bathing at least once every three months, or more often if your dog is outdoors a lot. Use a dog-specific shampoo.9 Pet Wiki plan

How often does an American Water Spaniel need brushing?

Brush your American Water Spaniel about twice a week. Its curly or wavy coat sheds lightly and can feel slightly oily, so regular brushing helps keep it healthy and reduces shedding.3 Pet Wiki plan

How do I trim an American Water Spaniel's nails, and how often?

Trim nails about every four weeks, or sooner if you hear clicking on the floor. Cut a little at a time, stopping before the quick (the pink part inside). If unsure, ask your vet or a groomer for guidance.9 Pet Wiki plan

How much exercise does an American Water Spaniel need?

This high-energy dog needs at least 20 to 40 minutes of exercise daily. It loves swimming and retrieving, so include those activities when possible. Daily walks and play are essential.34 Pet Wiki plan

How do I look after an American Water Spaniel's teeth and ears?

Brush teeth two to three times a week with dog toothpaste, never human toothpaste. Check ears weekly for moisture or debris, especially since floppy ears trap moisture. Never push anything into the ear canal.9 Pet Wiki plan

How long does an American Water Spaniel live?

The American Water Spaniel typically lives between 10 and 13 years. With good care, regular vet checkups, and a healthy lifestyle, your dog can enjoy a full lifespan.23

Is an American Water Spaniel good with children and other pets?

Yes, this breed generally mixes well with children and other animals. It enjoys being the centre of attention and can be a wonderful family companion with proper socialisation.23

Can an American Water Spaniel be left alone?

This dog can be left alone for reasonable periods if well exercised, but it attaches strongly to its person and may not do well with long hours alone. Provide plenty of attention and mental stimulation.423

Written from the sources on this page, a few checked guides (VCA, ASPCA, RSPCA) and Pet Wiki's own starting care plan. A friendly guide, not a vet's advice.

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Where this comes from

Every fact on this page has a numbered source. Spotted an error? support@petwiki.app.

  1. UKC American Water Spaniel breed standard ukcdogs.comused for recognition, history, size, coat, colour
  2. American Water Spaniel - Wikipedia en.wikipedia.orgused for other names, size, lifespan, recognition, history, population, popularity
  3. Hill's Pet: American Water Spaniel hillspet.comused for lifespan, exercise, grooming, temperament, fun fact
  4. AKC: American Water Spaniel akc.orgused for temperament
  5. akc.org akc.org
  6. FCI nomenclature: American Water Spaniel (301) fci.beused for FCI recognition
  7. VCA Animal Hospitals: Feeding times and frequency for your dog vcahospitals.comused for owner questions
  8. ASPCA: People foods to avoid feeding your pets aspca.orgused for owner questions
  9. ASPCA: Dog grooming tips aspca.orgused for owner questions

Checked 2026-09-30. Text is written in our own words from these sources.